在高考英语中，时间介词是构建句子时间逻辑、体现时态准确性的基石。这20个看似简单的“小词”，实则是完形填空的区分关键、语法填空的高频考点和书面表达的地道保障。掌握它们之间的微妙区别，是攻克英语时间表达难题的首要任务。
星火英语高中英语词汇考频乱序版高中一二三词汇必背新课标2026高考英语单词书高频短语真题知识手册大词量全国通用核心词汇
一、核心基础：at, on, in 的“点线面”原则
at：精准的时间点（高考必考区分点）
- 钟点：at 7 o'clock, at noon, at midnight
- 短暂时刻：at that moment, at present
- 固定搭配：at the same time, at first, at last
- 常见错误：用at搭配具体日期（× at Monday → √ on Monday）
on：具体的“某一天”
- 日期：on May 1st, on my birthday
- 星期：on Monday, on weekends（美式）
- 特定某天的上/下午：on Monday morning
- 重要考点：泛指早上用in the morning，但特指某天早上用on...morning
in：相对宽泛的“时间段”
- 月份/季节/年份：in May, in summer, in 2023
- 世纪/年代：in the 21st century, in the 1990s
- 一天中的部分：in the morning, in the afternoon
- 未来时间：in three days（三天后）
- 易错点：in time（及时）vs on time（准时）含义不同
二、持续时间：for, during, since 的“长度”与“起点”
for + 时间段（高考完成时标配）
- 回答“多久”：for three years, for a long time
- 现在完成时标志：I have lived here for ten years.
- 重要规则：for后接“一段时间”，强调长度
since + 时间点（高考完成时另一标志）
- 回答“自从何时”：since 2010, since last week
- 必须搭配完成时：I have studied English since 2010.
- 经典错误：since three years（×）→ since 2019（√）
for与since的转换公式：
- for three years = since 2019 (假设今年是2022)
- 高考考点：填空时根据后接内容判断用for（时间段）还是since（时间点）
during vs through 的“期间”差异：
- during：在...期间（强调某个时间段内）
- through：贯穿整个期间（强调自始至终）
- 对比：during the night（夜晚期间），through the night（整夜）
三、时间关系：before, after, until, by 的逻辑纽带
before/after 的对称与不对称：
- 简单介词：before class（课前），after school（放学后）
- 连词功能：before he comes（在他来之前）
- 高考完形技巧：before/after常提示事件顺序
until vs by 的“截止”之别（高频易错点）
- until：动作持续到某个时间点
- I will wait until 5 pm.（我会等到五点）
- by：不迟于某个时间点完成
- Finish the work by 5 pm.（五点前完成工作）
- 记忆口诀：“等到”用until，“在...前完成”用by
from...to... 的“起止区间”：
- from Monday to Friday（周一到周五）
- from morning till night（从早到晚）
- 注意：from后是起点，to后是终点
四、易混介词深度辨析
in vs within 的“之内”差异：
- in：在...之后（多指未来）
- I'll be back in an hour.（我一小时后回来）
- within：在...时间范围内
- Please reply within three days.（请三天内回复）
- 高考精要：in强调“之后”，within强调“之内”
past vs after 的“过后”：
- past：用于钟点表达（时间介词）
- It's ten past six.（六点十分）
- after：一般时间之后
- after 3 o'clock（三点后）
- 特别注意：half past six（六点半）是固定表达
between vs among 的“之间”与“之中”：
- between：两者之间（或明确的多方之间）
- between 1990 and 2000
- among：三者或以上之中（不特指）
- among those years
- 高考考点：between用于具体时间区间
around/about 的“大约”用法：
- around 3 o'clock（大约三点）
- about two hours（大约两小时）
- 两者可互换，around更口语化
五、高考题型实战攻略
语法填空三大判断步骤：
- 看后接内容：接钟点→at；接具体日→on；接月份→in
- 看时态提示：完成时+时间段→for；完成时+时间点→since
- 看逻辑关系：动作持续→until；截止时间→by
完形填空时间线索：
- 时间顺序词：before提示先前事件，after提示后续发展
- 持续时间词：for提示动作长度，during提示期间发生
- 转折时间词：until常与not连用表“直到...才”
- 时间范围词：throughout强调全过程，within强调时限内
短文改错高频错误：
- 介词的混淆：in Monday → on Monday
- 固定搭配错误：at the afternoon → in the afternoon
- since/for误用：since three hours → for three hours
- until/by不分：Finish until Friday → Finish by Friday
书面表达时间状语优化：
- 基础：I study every day.
- 进阶：From Monday to Friday, I study throughout the day.
- 高级：During the week, I maintain a routine that lasts from early morning until late evening, with intensive review sessions within the two months leading up to the exam.
读后续写时间衔接：
用时间介词自然过渡场景：
- At that moment...（就在那时...）
- After what felt like an eternity...（在仿佛永恒之后...）
- Until finally...（直到最终...）
- Within seconds...（几秒之内...）
六、特殊用法与固定搭配
all through vs throughout：
- all through the night（整夜）
- throughout the year（全年）
- 两者常可互换，throughout更正式
following的“紧随其后”：
- following the meeting（会议结束后）
- the following day（第二天）
- 比after更强调“紧接着”
within的“能力范围”引申：
- within one's power（力所能及）
- within reach（触手可及）
- 高考阅读中可能出现引申义
by的“方式”与“时间”双重性：
- 时间：by tomorrow（到明天为止）
- 方式：by bus（乘公交）
- 注意区分两种用法
【高考范文】A Week in Preparation
On Monday morning, the countdown felt real. At precisely 7 AM, my study week began. I planned to review from 7 to 10 each night, until Friday.
In the first session, I focused on math. I worked steadily for two hours, stopping only at 9 for a short break. During this time, I solved problems I'd struggled with since last month.
By Tuesday, a routine formed. After lunch, I'd practice English. Around 2 PM, I'd start reading comprehension, aiming to finish within the hour. Throughout these sessions, I timed myself strictly.
Wednesday was challenging. Before dinner, I hit a wall with physics. I'd been studying for almost three hours through difficult concepts. It was past 6 PM when I finally understood. Following this breakthrough, I felt reenergized.
Thursday required balance. Between review sessions, I scheduled short breaks. I'd rest for about ten minutes after every hour of study. During one break at 3 PM, I realized how much I'd improved since Monday.
On Friday evening, at 6 PM sharp, I completed my final review. I had covered everything by my deadline. Looking back over the week, I saw progress made throughout each day.
Among all the study techniques, regular breaks proved most valuable. The week wasn't just about memorization; it was about building endurance. I hadn't just studied until Friday; I had built habits to carry me through the coming month.
Now, before the actual exam, I understand something crucial. Success doesn't come at a single moment on a specific day. It's built during the consistent effort between today and tomorrow, through challenges faced and overcome, one hour after another, until readiness becomes second nature.
高考模拟训练
语法填空：
- ______ the morning of June 7th, students gather ______ 8 AM to enter the examination hall.
- I have been studying English ______ five years, ______ I was twelve years old.
完形填空：
The library was quiet ______ the afternoon. I had been studying ______ 1 PM and planned to continue ______ 5 PM. ______ 3 PM, however, I started feeling tired.
- A. at B. on C. in D. during
- A. since B. from C. for D. at
- A. until B. by C. to D. through
- A. At B. On C. By D. Around
短文改错：
I usually study at the library on the afternoon. I stay there since 2 PM to 6 PM everyday. Sometimes I study until midnight at Friday.
参考答案：
语法填空：1. On, at 2. for, since
完形填空：1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D
短文改错：1. on → in 2. since → from 3. everyday → every day 4. at → on