在高考英语中，并列连词是构建句子逻辑、连接对等成分的“语法桥梁”。这10个看似简单的连接词，实则是完形填空的逻辑线索、阅读理解的结构标记和书面表达的流畅保障。掌握它们的精确用法，是写出地道英语句子、理解复杂文本结构的基础。
星火英语高中英语词汇考频乱序版高中一二三词汇必背新课标2026高考英语单词书高频短语真题知识手册大词量全国通用核心词汇
一、核心并列：and, or, but 的三原色逻辑
and：表示添加、顺序、结果的“和”
- 添加关系：I like apples and oranges.（我喜欢苹果和橘子）
- 顺序关系：He stood up and left.（他站起来离开了）
- 结果关系：Study hard, and you will succeed.（努力学习，你就会成功）
- 重要规则：连接三个以上成分时，最后两个用and，前面用逗号：A, B, C and D
or：表示选择、否定条件的“或”
- 选择关系：Tea or coffee?（茶还是咖啡？）
- 否定条件：Hurry up, or you'll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到）
- 近似表达：a week or so（一周左右）
- 高考注意：or连接主语时，谓语与最近主语一致
but：表示转折、对比的“但是”
- 转折关系：He is young but experienced.（他年轻但有经验）
- 对比关系：not this but that（不是这个而是那个）
- 固定搭配：cannot help but do（不得不做）
- 与yet区别：but直接转折，yet含“尽管如此”意味
二、因果逻辑：so, for, yet 的推理链条
so：表示结果的“所以”
- 因果关系：It rained, so we stayed home.（下雨了，所以我们待在家里）
- 位置特征：通常位于句中，前有逗号
- 易错点：so不能与because连用（不说Because..., so...）
for：表示原因的“因为”
- 解释原因：He must be ill, for he looks pale.（他一定病了，因为他脸色苍白）
- 与because区别：for是并列连词，引导的从句后置；because是从属连词，位置灵活
- 正式程度：for较正式，多用于书面语
yet：表示转折的“然而”
- 强烈转折：He worked hard, yet he failed.（他很努力，然而还是失败了）
- 与but比较：yet转折意味更强，常含意外
- 可作副词：He hasn't come yet.（他还没来）
三、配对连词：either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also
either...or：表示选择的“要么...要么”
- 二选一：You can have either tea or coffee.（你要么喝茶，要么喝咖啡）
- 主谓一致：谓语与or后的主语一致
- Either you or I am wrong.（要么你错，要么我错）
- 否定表达：not...either...or... = neither...nor...
neither...nor：表示否定的“既不...也不”
- 两者都否定：He likes neither coffee nor tea.（他既不喜欢咖啡也不喜欢茶）
- 主谓一致：谓语与nor后的主语一致
- Neither he nor I am going.（他和我都不去）
- 倒装结构：Nor开头句子倒装
not only...but also：表示递进的“不仅...而且”
- 强调后者：She is not only intelligent but also hardworking.（她不仅聪明而且努力）
- 倒装用法：Not only位于句首时，前句倒装
- Not only does he study hard, but also he helps others.（他不仅学习努力，而且还帮助他人）
- 省略also：口语中常省略also
四、否定延续：nor 的特殊地位
nor：表示“也不”，延续否定
- 倒装结构：I don't like it, nor does he.（我不喜欢，他也不喜欢）
- 代替or：在否定句中连接并列成分
- He has no money nor time.（他既没钱也没时间）
- 现代趋势：nor逐渐被or替代，但考试仍需掌握
五、高考题型实战突破
语法填空三大判断：
- 看逻辑关系：并列添加→and，转折对比→but/yet，选择→or，因果→so/for
- 看固定搭配：not only...but also，either...or，neither...nor
- 看句子结构：倒装句首→nor/not only
完形填空逻辑线索：
- 并列关系词：and提示信息添加，or提示选择可能
- 转折关系词：but/yet提示语义反转
- 因果关系词：so提示结果，for提示原因
- 配对连词：either...or提示二选一，neither...nor提示双否定
短文改错高频错误：
- 连词重复：Because..., so... → 删除so
- 搭配不全：not only... → 补充but also
- 主谓不一致：Neither he nor I are → am
- 连词误用：but → and（根据逻辑关系）
书面表达流畅技巧：
- 简单句合并：用and连接相关动作
- 观点递进：用not only...but also加强论述
- 对比论证：用but/yet引出不同观点
- 选择表达：用either...or列举方案
读后续写逻辑连接：
用并列连词自然推进情节：
- He wanted to help, but fear held him back.
- Not only did he overcome his fear, but he also inspired others.
- He could either run away or face the challenge.
六、易错点深度解析
and与or在否定句中的转换：
- 肯定：I like apples and oranges.
- 否定：I don't like apples or oranges.（不用and）
- 规则：否定句中用or连接并列成分
but however的重复问题：
- 错误：He is young, but however he is experienced.
- 正确：He is young, but he is experienced. 或 He is young; however, he is experienced.
- 原则：but与however不同时使用
so...that与so that的区分：
- so...that：如此...以致（结果）
- He was so tired that he fell asleep.（他太累了，以致睡着了）
- so that：为了（目的）
- He studied hard so that he could pass.（他努力学习为了能通过）
- 高考考点：区分结果与目的状语
either...or的完全否定：
- 否定：I don't like either coffee or tea.
- 等于：I like neither coffee nor tea.
- 转换技巧：not...either...or = neither...nor
【高考范文】The Crossroads of Choice: My Path to Growth
Life presents us with crossroads, and each choice shapes our journey. I faced such a moment last year—a decision that taught me about courage, consequence, and character.
The school science fair was approaching. I had an idea, but it was complex and required extensive work. My friends suggested simpler projects, for they worried about the time commitment. I could choose a safe topic or pursue my ambitious idea. Either option had merits, but only one felt right.
My teacher offered perspective. “You’re not only capable of this project,” she said, “but also uniquely interested in it.” Her belief was encouraging, yet my doubts remained. I wasn’t afraid of hard work, nor was I lazy. My fear was of failure—of investing time and effort but achieving nothing.
I listed the pros and cons. The ambitious project could teach me more, so it had educational value. However, it risked incomplete results. The simpler option was safer, for success was more certain, but it offered less growth. Neither path was perfect, nor was either clearly superior.
For days, I wavered. Then I realized the truth: I wanted the challenge, so I chose the difficult project. The work was demanding. Some experiments failed, and data was confusing at times. I felt frustrated, yet I persisted. My friends helped when they could, for teamwork made burdens lighter.
The final week was intense. I worked late, but the progress was rewarding. Not only did I understand the science better, but I also discovered my own resilience. The night before the fair, I reviewed everything—the theory, the data, and the presentation.
On the fair day, I felt nervous but prepared. My project wasn’t the flashiest, nor did it win first prize. However, it earned respect for its thoroughness. More importantly, I gained confidence—not only in my academic abilities but also in my decision-making.
Looking back, I see that the real choice wasn’t between success and failure, but between growth and comfort. I could have chosen the safe path, or I could embrace the challenge. By choosing the latter, I learned that valuable lessons come not only from achievements but also from the effort itself.
This experience taught me that at life’s crossroads, we must listen to both caution and ambition, weigh both security and growth, and remember that sometimes, the right path isn’t the easiest one—but it’s often the one that makes us stronger, wiser, and more truly ourselves.
高考模拟训练
语法填空：
- He is ______ a good student ______ a talented athlete, excelling in both academics ______ sports.
- You must hurry, ______ you will miss the train. ______ take a taxi ______ wait for the next one.
完形填空：
I wanted to join the debate team, ______ I was shy. ______ my teacher encouraged me, ______ my friends supported the idea. It wasn’t easy at first, ______ I persevered.
- A. and B. but C. so D. for
- A. Not only B. Neither C. Either D. Both
- A. and B. but C. or D. nor
- A. and B. but C. so D. yet
短文改错：
Because I studied hard, so I passed the exam. Not only I improved my grades, but also gained confidence. Neither my parents or my teacher was surprised.
参考答案：
语法填空：1. not only, but also, and 2. or, Either, or
完形填空：1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D
短文改错：1. 删除so 2. Not only did I 3. or → nor